Techniques of cooperative learning pdf

Cooperative language learning educational research. The lack of a wellresearched cooperative curriculum is another factor that might have a strong impact on the results of this study. Cooperative learning is a studentcentered, instructorfacilitated instructional strategy in which a small group of students is responsible for its own learning and the learning of all group members. The idea of cooperative learning has been around for decades, but it never got to the same prominence as blended learning or differentiated instruction while its debatable as to why cooperative learning flew under the radar for so long, its undeniably a powerful and effective teaching strategy but what are the details behind cooperative learning. This teaching guide will coach the reader through using cooperative learning techniques in their classroom. Principles and techniques for helping students work together more effectively jacobs. Pdf cooperative learning is the learning process in which individuals learn in a small group with. Cooperative learning nc state engineering nc state university. Cooperative learning works well when it is a part of the culture of a classroom, and when students are familiar with working together and know what is expected of them. Despite this, the pedagogy is popular in classrooms across districts and grade levels, creating a need for tips and information that teachers can act upon. Using cooperative learning strategies to increase students. This resource discusses the reasons for using cooperative learning in centres and classrooms, ways to implement. He adds that most methods of cooperative learning involve. Students have sufficient time to think and ink could be writing or drawing depending on course content.

With cooperative learning, students work together in groups the usual size of which is two to four members. In fact, the more diversity in a team, the higher the benefits for each student. Spencer kagan whose visionary ideas have done so much to. Whilst there is a wealth of existing research into both the benefits and the types of cooperative learning, it will examine the lack of evidence into how to put it into practice effectively. See more ideas about cooperative learning, cooperative learning strategies and kagan structures. A starting point for kagan cooperative learning gavin clowes he idea, which became the essential 5, came from a great friend and fellow national kagan trainer, rob jutras, and of course from dr. Teachers who can successfully use cooperative learning techniques have the potential to make stu dents responsible for their own.

Thus both the idea of a zone of proximal development, supported by positive group interdependence, is the basis of cooperative learning davidson and major, 2014. Just as in a jigsaw puzzle, each pieceeach students partis essential for the completion and full understanding of the final product. The term cooperative learning cl refers to students working in teams on an. In 1900, a new method of language teaching was introduced in germany and. The theoretical source of collaborative learning, neopiagetian and neovygotskian inspiration, is quite different from the line of cooperative learning, closer to the small groups current and social skills. Cooperative learning is a teaching method where students of mixed levels of ability are arranged into groups and rewarded according to the groups success.

A gap exists in research when comparing cooperative learning methods to each other and analyzing the outcomes with each other in terms of student achievement graham, 2005. This conference paper discusses the use of cooperative learning cl in second language l2 instruction. Teachers are faced with many different options while choosing a specific cooperative learning method. Cooperative learning principles and techniques are tools which we. Thinkpairshare, jigsaw, numbered heads together, and tea party method. Cooperative learning has been proven to be effective for all types of students, including academically gifted, mainstream students and english language learners ells because it promotes learning and fosters respect and friendships among diverse groups of students.

Cooperative learning university of tennessee at chattanooga. Cooperative learning, sometimes called smallgroup learning, is an instructional strategy in which small groups of students work together on a common task. Each domain has their own opportunities for teaching and learning with regard to individual differences among students. There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as structuring positive interdependence. There are a great number of cooperative learning techniques available. Although the teacher cannot continually check the understanding of every student, the teacher can engineer such checking by having students work in cooperative groups and assigning one member the role of checker. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy classroom teachers use to help their students process information more quickly by having them work in small groups to accomplish a common goal. In this lesson, you will learn the benefits of cooperative learning, as well as helpful strategies that. This content is taken from materials presented at the university of tennessee at chattanooga instructional excellence retreat, may 1996.

Index termspedagogy, cooperative learning strategies, traditional learning. Cooperative learning follows this idea as groups work together to learn or solve a problem, with each individual responsible for understanding all aspects. Cooperative learning techniques can be loosely categorized by the skill that each enhances barkley, cross and major, 2005, although it is important to recognize that many cooperative learning exercises can be developed to fit within multiple categories. Mar 02, 2017 finding a resource that explores cooperative learning is easy, but many ignore strategies for delivering the teaching approach. In cooperative learning groups students are required to learn academic subject matter taskwork and also to learn the interpersonal and small group skills required to function as part of a group teamwork. Each member that is in the group is responsible for learning the information given, and also for helping their fellow group members learn the information as well. The task can be as simple as solving a multistep math problem together, or as complex as developing a design for a new kind of school. Before we get into the examples of cooperative learning strategies that we are going to watch a short video on youtube which will go through, in details information about four cooperative learning strategies. Common problems when using cooperative learning 43 handout h references. Cooperative learning is an innovative method which can encourage the students to be active in working together to discuss and find the. As teachers incorporate cooperative learning strategies into the classroom, characteristics.

Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. This paper seeks to examine the meaning of cooperative learning strategy, the concept of classroom management, the significance of cooperative learning, and cooperative learning as a tool for. Cooperative learning methods however, despite having this in common, each method present a different way of managing the teaching and learning activities, which makes some more elevant than others so as to develop certain learning processes in the different curriculum areas. The process of cooperative learning involves students working together in small groups on a structured activity. Collaborative learning methods help students learn how to work effectively as a team but they must be taught. This paper suggests the use of live simulation game to practice principles of active and cooperative learning as one alternative way to improve learning and develop social skills in the classroom. Introducing a technique of cooperative learning by practising. Cooperative learning techniques in the classroom sage journals. You may be wondering what benefits students derive from cooperative learning. However, despite having this in common, each method present a different way of managing the teaching and learning activities, which makes some more elevant than others so as to develop certain learning processes in the. In this workshop, the presenters will first describe the principles of collaborative learning as expressed in jacobs et al.

The members of the groups learn to work as a team to accomplish a specific goal, to solve a problem, to complete a project, or to develop a product. Dr spencer kagan is a renowned educator who changed the way the world viewed teaching. Pdf cooperative learning strategy as tool for classroom. Pdf cooperative learning is the learning process in which individuals learn in a small group with the help of each other. One of my first experiments with cooperative learning was to let my students work in groups of their own.

Here i briefly discuss about the essential features or characteristics of cooperative learning, and some binary tensions that might arise while implementing the teaching techniques for cooperative learning among individual learners in a cooperative group. Cooperative learning techniques within the framework of its basic principles, several cooperative learning techniques have been developed. Instead of didactic teaching, in which a teacher stands at the front and tells information to whole class, kagan thought that there were. The best answer to the question, what is the most effective method of teaching. The jigsaw is a cooperative learning technique with a. Cooperative learning in lesson planning 32 handout e handout f 6. Teammates write three statementsproblemssentences with punctuationhistory factsetc two true. Cooperative learning effects on the classroom by anthony r. Finding a resource that explores cooperative learning is easy, but many ignore strategies for delivering the teaching approach. Apr 19, 2019 cooperative learning is a teaching strategy classroom teachers use to help their students process information more quickly by having them work in small groups to accomplish a common goal. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy that helps students work together as they learn.

Learn more about how to use cooperative learning cooperative learning techniques cooperative learning techniques can be loosely categorized by the skill that each enhances barkley, cross and major, 2005, although it is important to recognize that many cooperative learning exercises can be developed to fit within multiple categories. Students think through questions using three distinct steps. Jun 9, 2016 explore jtgfranks board kagan learning structures. He is mainly known for his work on cooperative learning strategies often referred to as kagan learning structures. Cooperative learning is widely recognised as a pedagogical practice that promotes socialization and learning among students from preschool through to. In cooperative learning groups, even though the success of the group is the focus, it should be noted that it is also based on individual performance of the learners. Gi as a specific technique with more complexity than other cooperative learning techniques requires more investigation in order to implement it effectively in the class. Teammates try to find which of the three statements is the fiction. Cooperative learning can be incorporated into your classroom management system. Other cooperative learning techniques think, pair, share 40 handout g 7. The following are some ideas for using cooperative groups in your classroom. Students interact with each other in the same group to acquire.

If each students part is essential, then each student is. Nov 20, 2019 you may be wondering what benefits students derive from cooperative learning. The idea of cooperative learning has been around for decades, but it never got to the same prominence as blended learning or differentiated instruction while its debatable as to why cooperative learning flew under the radar for so long, its undeniably a powerful and effective teaching strategy. In this paper, i discuss about cooperative learning. Cooperative learning techniques have been researched for over 50 years and have been connected positively to student performance. Cooperative learning structures, what then is the least number of structures one could learn and still be able to cover all possible types of questions, functions and situations in the classroom. If you train your students to work effectively in groups, the results can be a very productive and fun learning environment. Some examples of collaborative learning techniques. The fourth essential element of cooperative learning is teaching students the required interpersonal and small group skills. Hundreds of techniques have been created into structures to use in any content area. Cooperative learning is more elaborate than group work activity.

This paper presents research findings into the implementation of cooperative learning in the classroom. Cooperative learning, of course, teaches a number of social and emotional skills, but it also gives students the opportunity to learn from each other. Cooperative learning methods aprenentatge entre iguals. Cooperative learning techniques in practice 28 handout d 5. Despite this, the pedagogy is popular in classrooms across districts and grade levels, creating a need for tips and information that teachers can act upon below is a guide that covers general principles and specific strategies to use for each of the three types of. To help you understand cooperative learning a little better, here are some ideas and activities that could help team members develop better skills in each of the areas listed above. This post will discuss the assumptions of cll as well as the instructional practices associated with it. After two brief definitions of cl, key areas discussed in the paper are. Cooperative language learning cll is the application of the instructional method cooperative learning in the language classroom. Cooperative learning strategies and children cooperative learning is a teaching strategy involving childrens participation in small group learning activities that promote positive interaction. However, cooperative learning is more than just putting students in groups and giving them something to do. Simultaneous interaction, equal participation, individual accountability, and. Some cooperative learning techniques utilize student pairing, while others utilize small groups of four or five students.

The jigsaw is a cooperative learning technique with a threedecade track record of successfully increasing positive educational outcomes. The implementation of cooperative learning in the classroom. Cooperative learning methods cooperative learning methods organize the little groups with the objective of establishing the ties and requirements necessary for cooperation. Useful for administrations and teachers alike, the teachers sourcebook for cooperative learning provides tools for instruction, creating positive habits, and having effective classroom management. Cooperative learning is not a technique for its own sake but needs content in order to be useful. The thinkwrite, pair, share strategy is a cooperative learning technique that encourages individual participation and is applicable across all grade levels and class sizes. The effect of cooperative learning techniques on college.